Growing Mushroom

[fayyazarif]

Assalamalaikum dear
may i know where do u live? purpose of my question is to ascertain climate of ur area. Nowadays in rwp,lhr and surrounding u can grow mushrooms at natural temperature. On mishroom cultivation we need to control four parameters as under:-
1. temperature
2. humidity
3. light intensity measured in lux
4. carbon dioxide level
in commercial growing these parameters are required to be strictly observed otherwise u will not get optimum yield.
however rt now i will focus on home growing of oyster mushrooms.
now coming over to sterlization
take a drum of 200 litres and remove its top portion. place 3 bricks in such a way that a brick height is 3 inches and its surface area is 9x3 inches. now place 3 more bricks over these bricks so thatvheightvof bricks become 6 inches. now add 3 inch water in the drum and put it on fire. meanwhile buy sheesha plastic bags poo f 18x12 inches or any size nearing 12x18. u can purchase the bags from any shop who sells shopping bags. now fill these bags leaving 3-4 inch upper portion and close their mouth tightly using rubber band. then start placing these bags in drum over bricks platform. fill bags till brim of drum and cover mouth of drum with lid and try to seal it using cloth. when water starts boiling note down the time and let steam sterlize the bags for 90 mins. take out the bags and place them in spawning room and let them cool down to room temperature. repeat the process with all bags.
sterlization is over now
spawning room must be cleaned thoroughly and white washed before placing sterlized bags

hope u enjoyed it
next in the line is spawning.
INSHA ALLAH i will explain it in next session

[fayyazarif]

you can get spawn from dr asif, university of agriculture faisalabad. He is assisted by his phd student Rizwan. his contact number is 0342 7889443. u can give him my reference. spawn will be despatched to you through daewoo they sell spawn @600 per kg. this time try white and grey oyster. you will require 1.8 kg spawn@ 10 gm/kg of copost. book order for 2 kg.

[Izhar]

I live in Karachi, the temperature in my basement is around 25-28 Centigrade, humidity is 70-100%...

[fayyazarif]

assalamoalaikum
temperature is ideal as oyster mushroom requires 25 c for spawn run as well as fruiting. max temp it can sustain is 30 c. if temperature get lower than 25 its growth slows down but it survives
it requires 90 to 95 percent humidity during fruiting

u better start making compost but check availability of spawn from dr asif before starting composting.

INSHA ALLAH i will let u know firther stages tonight

regards

[fayyazarif]

assalamoalaikum
now lets learn spawning. in actual spawn is not typical seed but for understanding purpose we will call it a seed. actually spawn is mushroom mycelium coated on a grain. mycelium multiplies itself in compost once it is given required conditions in term of temperature, humidity, light and carbon dioxide levels.
now take a sterlized compost bag,weigh it and add one percent spawn of the total weight of bag i.e. if weight of bag is 1 kg u will add 10 gram of spawn. remember to put on disposable polythene gloves for handling spawn. procedure to add spawn is as under:-
lift i inch compost and sprinkle spawn and then again level compost. put rubber band on the neck of compost bag but this time we r not going to make it air tight rather we will leave a space big enough to allow little finger to move inside the space. do the same procedure with all bags and place them in the dark room. open no window as during spawn run stage mycelium req high levels of carbon dioxide. try to keep temp around 25 but in any case it should not touch 30 c. you will see that mycellium will start going abd ur copost bag getting white. it will take around 35 days to complete spawn run and ur complete bag will turn white.
spawn run is complete.

INSHA ALLAH in next session we will talk about fruiting and harvesting

take care
regards
fayyaz arif

[Izhar]

I will be getting two ready-to-grow bags of Oyster mushrooms by next month, please let me know if we can multiply mycelium from one bag to produce more bags using fresh and sterile compost?

[fayyazarif]

aoa mycelium can be multiplied like u can use these ready to grow bags as spawn. But i suggest u to procure fresh spawn, it will give u better results as it is prepared from culture

[fayyazarif]

assalamoalaikum
now ur spawn run is complete and ur compost is white as mycelium has now spred completly. Now remove polythene of upper empty portion of compost bag by cutting it through a paper cutter and fold bag downward. now maintain humidity by throwing water on floor and walls. reading on hygro meter should be 90 to 95 percent. u can purchase hygrometer from any scientific store. u may buy analog or digital. It will cost u around rs 700 to 1000. give flushes of fresh ait of one hour after every 5 to six hours through cross ventillation or u may install an exhaust fan against window or ventilator. lit energy saver for about 10 hours a day and if room.is big u may use 2 energy savers. spray mist of water on the exposed portion of compost. exposed surface of compost should always remain moist, calculate your number of sprays accordingly. after few days u will observe formation of pin head in the compost. within 3 to 4 days pin head will become mushroom. harvest it when it is of ur palm size. flush of mushroom will keep coming. keep harvesting and keep enjoying. remember oyster mushroom contains 90 percent water and their shelf life is less. after harvesting refrigerate them and try to consume within 3 days. u may also dry them by spreading them in sunlight. preserved mushrooms can last for approximately 3 years

[fayyazarif]

assalamoalaikum
now let me share someting on nutrition of mushrooms
mushrooms are complete proteins with very less calorie. nutrition facts are as under:-There are 52 calories in 1 large Oyster Mushroom

Nutrition Facts
Serving Size 1 large

Amount Per Serving
Calories from Fat 6Calories 52

% Daily Values*
Total Fat 0.65g 1%
Saturated Fat 0.03g 0%
Polyunsaturated Fat 0.059g
Monounsaturated Fat 0.015g
Cholesterol 0mg 0%
Sodium 27mg 1%
Potassium 622mg
Total Carbohydrate 9.52g 3%
Dietary Fiber 3.6g 14%
Sugars 1.64g
Protein 4.94g

Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 0%
Calcium 0% Iron 11%
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.

Nutrition Values are based on USDA Nutrient Database SR18

now let me explain complete proteins
complete proteins are those which have all 9 essential amino acids in sufficient quantity.

there are 9 essential and 11 non essential amino acids in protein. body can synthsize non essential amino acids but it cannot synthesize essential amino acids. source of essential amino acid is your diet intake

following come under definition of complete protein
1. all types of meat
2. milk
3. yoghurt
4. cheese
5. mushrooms

animal source is high calorie with high amounts of fats and cholesterol, whereas mushrooms are very low on calorie, with zero cholesterol and negligible fats

[fayyazarif]

assalamoalaikum
now let me throw light on medicinal properties of oyster mushrooms
The characteristic fan-shaped cap of an oyster mushroom comes in shades of white, gray, blue, pink and yellow, adding visual interest to accompany its delicate flavor. In soups, sauteed or stir-fried, you’ll gain fiber, vitamin D, niacin and iron from a serving of these earthy delicacies.

Basics
One cup of sliced oyster mushrooms has 28 calories and less than 1 gram of fat, yet delivers 2 grams of fiber and 3 grams of protein. Per serving, men gain 5 percent of their recommended daily intake of both fiber and protein, while women get 6 percent of their daily protein and 8 percent of dietary fiber. The same portion also provides 8 percent of the daily value of potassium, vitamin B-6 and folate.
Iron
Proteins that contain iron are responsible for moving oxygen through blood and into tissues. Iron-dependent enzymes initiate biochemical processes that produce energy and help the liver remove toxins from the bloodstream. In the immune system, iron is essential for the growth of T lymphocytes, which are special cells that destroy viruses and tumor cells. Men should consume 8 milligrams of iron daily, while women need 18 milligrams. One cup of oyster mushrooms provides 12 percent of the daily intake for men and 6 percent for women.
Niacin
Almost 200 enzymes depend on niacin to perform their jobs activating biochemical reactions. In this role, niacin helps metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Processes that repair damaged DNA, the carrier of genetic information, also depend on niacin. It contributes to heart health by lowering bad cholesterol and raising good cholesterol, according to the Linus Pauling Institute. Men need slightly more niacin than women, so they get 25 percent of their recommended daily intake, while women gain 29 percent.
Vitamin D
Mushrooms are one of the few plant sources of vitamin D. They contain a substance -- ergosterol -- that turns into vitamin D as it’s exposed to ultraviolet light. Your body can't absorb calcium without vitamin D. It also regulates genes that influence cell growth and enzymes in the immune system. Vitamin D helps protect your heart by lowering blood pressure, according to research published in the April 2012 issue of the "Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics." The amount of vitamin D varies depending on the length of exposure to ultraviolet light. Oyster mushrooms may have as much as 103 international units in 100 grams, which is a little less than 1 cup. But the USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory reports 25 international units in 1 cup, which is 4 percent of the recommended daily intake.
Antioxidants
Oyster mushrooms and other types of fungi are the only sources of ergothioneine, which functions as an antioxidant and lowers systemic inflammation. Oyster mushrooms are one of the best mushroom sources, according to the University of Pennsylvania. Research published in the November 2010 issue of the "Journal of Medicinal Food" concluded that ergothioneine may prevent the buildup of plaque in the arteries that leads to cardiovascular disease.